The Crisis of Asymmetry

You exist because of an imbalance so slight it should not have mattered.

In the early universe, energy should condense into equal parts matter and antimatter. These should annihilate, leaving a universe of radiation. No structure, no chemistry, no life.

They did not. The visible universe is composed almost entirely of matter. The observed baryon asymmetry parameter is η = (n_B − n_B̄)/n_γ ≈ 6 × 10⁻¹⁰: approximately one extra baryon per billion photons.

This tiny surplus — one part in a billion — is the entire visible universe. Everything else annihilated.

The standard approach to baryogenesis requires the three Sakharov conditions (1967): (i) baryon number violation, (ii) C and CP violation, and (iii) departure from thermal equilibrium.

The Standard Model provides some C and CP violation but not enough. No mechanism within the Standard Model produces sufficient baryon number violation. The puzzle remains open.

This paper proposes a structural resolution that sidesteps the Sakharov conditions entirely. The matter–antimatter asymmetry does not arise from dynamical processes during the evolution of the universe.

It arises from the topology of the actualisation event itself.

Note on the Sakharov conditions: The three Sakharov conditions are necessary for dynamical baryogenesis — where the asymmetry is generated during the thermal evolution of the universe.

The mechanism proposed here is topological: the asymmetry is built into the structure of the manifold at actualisation, not generated by subsequent processes. The Sakharov conditions are not violated; they are inapplicable.

If a future experiment demonstrated that baryogenesis must occur dynamically and could not be topological, this would not falsify the axioms but would render this particular mechanism inapplicable.